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📖 今天要学习的句子
I grew up in a single-parent household with my mom working, going to school, and raising my brother and me as latchkey kids. We were very self-sufficient from a very early age. There was a lot of hardship, but everyone goes through hardship. It did help me in a number of ways. We were poor immigrants. My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India. But his degree wasn’t accepted here, so he worked in a hardware store. Not a great upbringing, you know. My family split up. My mother uniquely provided, against the background of hardship, unconditional and unfailing love. If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem. We were in a part of New York City that isn’t very safe. Basically, the library was my after-school center. After I came back from school, I would just go straight to the library and hang out there until they closed. Then, I would come home. That was my daily routine.
我在单亲家庭中长大。母亲一边工作、一边上学,还要抚养我和哥哥,我们都是放学后自己照顾自己的孩子。因此,我们从很小的时候起就非常独立。生活中有许多艰难,但每个人都会经历艰难,而这些经历确实从许多方面帮助了我。 我们是贫穷的移民。父亲来到美国之前在印度当药剂师,但他的学历在这里不被认可,所以只能在五金店工作。你知道,那并不是很好的成长环境。后来,我的家庭也破裂了。 在艰难的生活背景下,母亲给予了我一种格外珍贵的东西:无条件且始终如一的爱。如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。 我们住在纽约市一个不太安全的地区。基本上,图书馆就是我的课后活动中心。每天放学后,我会直接去图书馆,一直待到闭馆,然后才回家。这就是我每天的生活规律。
I grew up in a single-parent household with my mom working, going to school, and raising my brother and me as latchkey kids.
我在单亲家庭中长大;母亲一边工作、一边上学,还要把我和哥哥两个放学后自己照顾自己的孩子抚养成人。
single-parent household /ˌsɪŋɡəl ˈperənt ˈhaʊshoʊld/
a family home headed by one parent; 单亲家庭
Ex: She grew up in a single-parent household.
例句翻译:她在单亲家庭中长大。
分析:household 强调整个家庭生活单位;single-parent 作复合定语修饰 household。
latchkey kids /ˈlætʃkiː kɪdz/
children who return to an empty home because their parents are away at work; 挂钥匙儿童
Ex: Many latchkey kids learn to care for themselves early.
例句翻译:许多放学后独自在家的孩子很早就学会照顾自己。
分析:latchkey 原指门锁钥匙;latchkey kid 指父母不在家、需要自己带钥匙回家的孩子。
raise /reɪz/
to care for children as they grow; 抚养
Ex: They raised three children in New York.
例句翻译:他们在纽约抚养了三个孩子。
分析:本句中的 raising 与 working、going 并列,表示母亲同时承担的三件事。
grow up [ɡroʊ ʌp]
长大;成长
Ex: She grew up in a small town.
例句翻译:她在一个小镇长大。
分析:本句中表示“长大;成长”,是理解句意的重要表达。
work [wɜːrk]
工作
Ex: His mother worked while studying.
例句翻译:他的母亲一边学习一边工作。
分析:本句中表示“工作”,是理解句意的重要表达。
go to school [ɡoʊ tuː skuːl]
上学;求学
Ex: She went to school in the evening.
例句翻译:她晚上去上学。
分析:本句中表示“上学;求学”,是理解句意的重要表达。
grew up /gru əp/
长大了
Ex: I grew up in a single-parent household with my mom working, going to school, and raising my brother and me as latchkey kids.
例句翻译:我在单亲家庭中长大;母亲一边工作、一边上学,还要把我和哥哥两个放学后自己照顾自己的孩子抚养成人。
分析:“grew up”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“长大了”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
going to /goʊɪŋ tɪ/
将要;打算
Ex: I grew up in a single-parent household with my mom working, going to school, and raising my brother and me as latchkey kids.
例句翻译:我在单亲家庭中长大;母亲一边工作、一边上学,还要把我和哥哥两个放学后自己照顾自己的孩子抚养成人。
分析:be going to + 动词表示未来计划或很可能发生的动作。
single /ˈsɪŋgəl/
单身的
Ex: I grew up in a single-parent household with my mom working, going to school, and raising my brother and me as latchkey kids.
例句翻译:我在单亲家庭中长大;母亲一边工作、一边上学,还要把我和哥哥两个放学后自己照顾自己的孩子抚养成人。
分析:“single”在本句语境中意为“单身的”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
We were very self-sufficient from a very early age.
我们从很小的时候起就非常独立。
self-sufficient /ˌself səˈfɪʃənt/
able to provide what you need without help; 自立的,自给自足的
Ex: Living alone taught him to become self-sufficient.
例句翻译:独自生活教会了他自立。
分析:self- 表示“自己”,sufficient 表示“足够的”;合起来强调不依赖他人。
from an early age /frəm ən ˈɜːrli eɪdʒ/
starting when someone was very young; 从小
Ex: She loved reading from an early age.
例句翻译:她从小就喜欢阅读。
分析:常用时间表达;原文加入 very,加强“年纪非常小”的语气。
self /sɛlf/
自己
Ex: We were very self-sufficient from a very early age.
例句翻译:我们从很小的时候起就非常独立。
分析:“self”在本句语境中意为“自己”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
There was a lot of hardship, but everyone goes through hardship.
生活中有许多艰难,但每个人都会经历艰难。
hardship /ˈhɑːrdʃɪp/
a condition that causes suffering or difficulty; 艰难,困苦
Ex: The family stayed close through years of hardship.
例句翻译:经历多年的困苦,这家人依然紧密相依。
分析:hardship 是可数或不可数名词;此处泛指生活中的困境。
go through /ɡoʊ θruː/
经历;经受
Ex: Everyone goes through difficult periods.
例句翻译:每个人都会经历困难时期。
分析:短语动词,在这里表示亲身经历某种过程或困难。
a lot of /ə lɔt əv/
很多
Ex: There was a lot of hardship, but everyone goes through hardship.
例句翻译:生活中有许多艰难,但每个人都会经历艰难。
分析:“a lot of”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“很多”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
goes through hardship /goʊz θru ˈhɑrdʃɪp/
经历困难
Ex: There was a lot of hardship, but everyone goes through hardship.
例句翻译:生活中有许多艰难,但每个人都会经历艰难。
分析:go through 在这里表示“经历”,整个短语说明每个人都会遇到艰难时期。
but /bət/
Ex: There was a lot of hardship, but everyone goes through hardship.
例句翻译:生活中有许多艰难,但每个人都会经历艰难。
分析:“but”在本句语境中意为“但”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
It did help me in a number of ways.
而这些经历确实从许多方面帮助了我。
did help /dɪd help/
really helped; 的确帮助了
Ex: The challenge did help me grow stronger.
例句翻译:那次挑战的确帮助我变得更坚强。
分析:肯定句中的 did 用来加强语气,后接动词原形 help。
in a number of ways /ɪn ə ˈnʌmbər əv weɪz/
in several different respects; 在许多方面
Ex: Reading improves our lives in a number of ways.
例句翻译:阅读从许多方面改善我们的生活。
分析:a number of 表示“若干、许多”,不要按字面理解成“一个数字”。
help me /hɛlp mi/
帮我
Ex: It did help me in a number of ways.
例句翻译:而这些经历确实从许多方面帮助了我。
分析:“help me”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“帮我”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
We were poor immigrants.
我们是贫穷的移民。
immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/
a person who comes to live permanently in another country; 移民
Ex: His parents arrived as immigrants with very little money.
例句翻译:他的父母作为移民来到这里时几乎身无分文。
分析:immigrant 强调“迁入某国的人”;emigrant 强调从原国家迁出。
We were poor immigrants /wi wər pur ˈɪməgrənts/
我们是贫穷的移民
Ex: We were poor immigrants.
例句翻译:我们是贫穷的移民。
分析:“We were poor immigrants”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“我们是贫穷的移民”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India.
我父亲来到美国——他原本在印度是一名药剂师。
pharmacist /ˈfɑːrməsɪst/
a professional who prepares and provides medicines; 药剂师
Ex: Ask the pharmacist how to take this medicine.
例句翻译:请向药剂师询问这种药该怎样服用。
分析:pharmacy 是“药房、药学”,后缀 -ist 表示从事某一职业的人。
came to the US /keɪm tɪ ðə ˈjuˈɛs/
来到美国
Ex: My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India.
例句翻译:我父亲来到美国——他原本在印度是一名药剂师。
分析:“came to the US”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“来到美国”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
a pharmacist /ə ˈfɑrməsɪst/
药剂师
Ex: My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India.
例句翻译:我父亲来到美国——他原本在印度是一名药剂师。
分析:“a pharmacist”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“药剂师”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
in India /ɪn ˈɪndiə/
在印度
Ex: My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India.
例句翻译:我父亲来到美国——他原本在印度是一名药剂师。
分析:“in India”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“在印度”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
dad /dæd/
爸爸
Ex: My dad came to the US—he was a pharmacist in India.
例句翻译:我父亲来到美国——他原本在印度是一名药剂师。
分析:“dad”在本句语境中意为“爸爸”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
But his degree wasn’t accepted here, so he worked in a hardware store.
但他的学历在这里不被认可,所以他只能在一家五金店工作。
degree /dɪˈɡriː/
an academic qualification awarded by a university; 学位,学历
Ex: Her medical degree was recognized abroad.
例句翻译:她的医学学位在国外获得了承认。
分析:degree 在此指大学学历或学位,不是“温度”或“程度”。
hardware store /ˈhɑːrdwer stɔːr/
a shop selling tools and household repair materials; 五金店
Ex: We bought a hammer at the hardware store.
例句翻译:我们在五金店买了一把锤子。
分析:hardware 在这里指工具、金属器具和维修用品,并非计算机硬件商店。
be accepted /bi əkˈseptɪd/
to be officially recognized as valid; 被认可
Ex: The qualification is accepted in many countries.
例句翻译:这项资质在许多国家都得到认可。
分析:被动语态 wasn’t accepted 表示学历没有得到当地机构承认。
But /bət/
Ex: But his degree wasn’t accepted here, so he worked in a hardware store.
例句翻译:但他的学历在这里不被认可,所以他只能在一家五金店工作。
分析:“But”在本句语境中意为“但”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
so /soʊ/
所以
Ex: But his degree wasn’t accepted here, so he worked in a hardware store.
例句翻译:但他的学历在这里不被认可,所以他只能在一家五金店工作。
分析:“so”在本句语境中意为“所以”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
Not a great upbringing, you know.
你知道,那并不是很好的成长环境。
upbringing /ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/
the way a child is cared for and the conditions in which they grow up; 养育方式,成长环境
Ex: Her upbringing shaped the way she sees the world.
例句翻译:她的成长环境塑造了她看世界的方式。
分析:由短语 bring up(抚养)构成,既可指家庭教育,也可泛指成长条件。
you know /ju noʊ/
a spoken phrase used to connect with the listener or soften a statement; 你知道;怎么说呢
Ex: It was difficult, you know, but we kept going.
例句翻译:你知道,那很困难,但我们坚持了下来。
分析:口语中的话语标记,不一定要求对方真的回答,常用于停顿或拉近距离。
great /greɪt/
很好的;出色的
Ex: Not a great upbringing, you know.
例句翻译:你知道,那并不是很好的成长环境。
分析:本句位于否定词 Not 之后,Not a great... 整体表示“不算好的……”。
My family split up.
后来,我的家庭破裂了。
split up /splɪt ʌp/
to separate or end a relationship; 分开,解体
Ex: The family split up after the parents separated.
例句翻译:父母分开后,这个家庭也解体了。
分析:用于家庭时表示成员分开;用于伴侣时也可以表示“分手”。
My family split up /maɪ ˈfæməli splɪt əp/
我的家人分手了
Ex: My family split up.
例句翻译:后来,我的家庭破裂了。
分析:“My family split up”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“我的家人分手了”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
My mother uniquely provided, against the background of hardship, unconditional and unfailing love.
在艰难的生活背景下,母亲给予了我一种格外珍贵的东西:无条件且始终如一的爱。
against the background of /əˈɡenst ðə ˈbækɡraʊnd əv/
in the context of a particular situation; 在……的背景下
Ex: Their friendship grew against the background of uncertainty.
例句翻译:他们的友谊在充满不确定性的背景下发展起来。
分析:这个介词短语交代环境,使母亲给予的爱与周围的艰难形成对比。
unconditional /ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəl/
given without requiring anything in return; 无条件的
Ex: Children need unconditional love and support.
例句翻译:孩子需要无条件的爱与支持。
分析:un- 表示否定,conditional 表示“有条件的”;常与 love、support、acceptance 搭配。
unfailing /ʌnˈfeɪlɪŋ/
always strong and dependable; 始终如一的,可靠的
Ex: Her unfailing support gave him courage.
例句翻译:她始终如一的支持给了他勇气。
分析:不是简单的“没有失败”,而是强调某种品质持续存在、从不减弱。
against /əˈgɛnst/
反对
Ex: My mother uniquely provided, against the background of hardship, unconditional and unfailing love.
例句翻译:在艰难的生活背景下,母亲给予了我一种格外珍贵的东西:无条件且始终如一的爱。
分析:“against”在本句语境中意为“反对”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
mother /ˈməðər/
母亲
Ex: My mother uniquely provided, against the background of hardship, unconditional and unfailing love.
例句翻译:在艰难的生活背景下,母亲给予了我一种格外珍贵的东西:无条件且始终如一的爱。
分析:“mother”在本句语境中意为“母亲”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem.
如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。
at least /ət liːst/
not less than; used to emphasize a minimum positive fact; 至少
Ex: Try to read for at least ten minutes each day.
例句翻译:每天尽量至少阅读十分钟。
分析:本句用 at least 突出:即使其他条件都缺失,一个爱你的人仍然足以产生巨大影响。
do wonders for /duː ˈwʌndərz fɔːr/
to have a very positive effect on someone or something; 对……产生奇效
Ex: A good night’s sleep can do wonders for your mood.
例句翻译:睡个好觉能极大改善你的心情。
分析:常用口语搭配,效果比一般的 help 更强,表示“带来惊人的改善”。
self-esteem /ˌself ɪˈstiːm/
confidence in your own worth and abilities; 自尊,自我价值感
Ex: Encouragement can build a child’s self-esteem.
例句翻译:鼓励能够建立孩子的自尊心。
分析:esteem 表示尊重或敬重;self-esteem 指一个人对自身价值的积极评价。
nothing in your life [ˈnʌθɪŋ ɪn jɔːr laɪf]
生活中一无所有
Ex: Even with nothing in your life, love can support you.
例句翻译:即使生活中一无所有,爱也能支撑你。
分析:本句中表示“生活中一无所有”,是理解句意的重要表达。
love unconditionally [lʌv ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəli]
无条件地爱
Ex: Parents can love their children unconditionally.
例句翻译:父母可以无条件地爱孩子。
分析:本句中表示“无条件地爱”,是理解句意的重要表达。
loves you /ləvz ju/
爱你
Ex: If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem.
例句翻译:如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。
分析:“loves you”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“爱你”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
If /ɪf/
如果
Ex: If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem.
例句翻译:如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。
分析:“If”在本句语境中意为“如果”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
but /bət/
Ex: If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem.
例句翻译:如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。
分析:“but”在本句语境中意为“但”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
nothing /ˈnəθɪŋ/
没有什么
Ex: If you have nothing in your life, but you have at least one person that loves you unconditionally, it’ll do wonders for your self-esteem.
例句翻译:如果你在生活中一无所有,但至少有一个人无条件地爱你,这份爱就会为你的自尊带来奇妙的力量。
分析:“nothing”在本句语境中意为“没有什么”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
We were in a part of New York City that isn’t very safe.
我们住在纽约市一个不太安全的地区。
a part of /ə pɑːrt əv/
an area or section of a place; ……的一个地区
Ex: They live in a quiet part of the city.
例句翻译:他们住在城市里一个安静的地区。
分析:这里的 part 不是抽象的“组成部分”,而是城市中的某个区域。
safe [seɪf]
安全的
Ex: The neighborhood was not very safe.
例句翻译:那个社区不太安全。
分析:本句中表示“安全的”,是理解句意的重要表达。
in a part of /ɪn ə pɑrt əv/
在一部分
Ex: We were in a part of New York City that isn’t very safe.
例句翻译:我们住在纽约市一个不太安全的地区。
分析:“in a part of”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“在一部分”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
New York City /nu jɔrk ˈsɪti/
纽约市
Ex: We were in a part of New York City that isn’t very safe.
例句翻译:我们住在纽约市一个不太安全的地区。
分析:“New York City”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“纽约市”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
isn’t very safe /ˈɪzənt ˈvɛri seɪf/
不太安全
Ex: We were in a part of New York City that isn’t very safe.
例句翻译:我们住在纽约市一个不太安全的地区。
分析:isn’t 是 is not 的缩写,very 修饰 safe;整段表示某个地方安全性不高。
Basically, the library was my after-school center.
基本上,图书馆就是我的课后活动中心。
basically /ˈbeɪsɪkli/
used to give the simplest or most important explanation; 基本上,说到底
Ex: Basically, the course helps you build a reading habit.
例句翻译:简单来说,这门课程帮助你养成阅读习惯。
分析:句首副词,用于概括或简化说明,语气比“完全等同于”更灵活。
after-school center /ˌæftər ˈskuːl ˈsentər/
a place where children stay and take part in activities after school; 课后活动中心
Ex: The after-school center stays open until six.
例句翻译:课后活动中心开放到六点。
分析:after-school 作定语,说明这个中心供学生放学后使用;纳瓦尔用它比喻图书馆。
library /ˈlaɪbrɛˌri/
图书馆
Ex: Basically, the library was my after-school center.
例句翻译:基本上,图书馆就是我的课后活动中心。
分析:“library”在本句语境中意为“图书馆”。注意它在这里的具体用法和在句子中承担的意义。
After I came back from school, I would just go straight to the library and hang out there until they closed.
每天放学后,我会直接去图书馆,一直待到闭馆。
go straight to /ɡoʊ streɪt tuː/
to go directly to a place without stopping; 直接前往
Ex: After work, she went straight to the gym.
例句翻译:下班后,她直接去了健身房。
分析:straight 在这里是副词,表示中途不停留。
hang out /hæŋ aʊt/
to spend time in a place in a relaxed way; 待着,消磨时间
Ex: We used to hang out at the library after school.
例句翻译:我们过去常常放学后待在图书馆。
分析:常见口语短语;此处强调长时间待在图书馆,不一定包含娱乐含义。
would /wʊd/
used to describe a repeated action in the past; 过去常常
Ex: Every evening, he would read by the window.
例句翻译:过去每天晚上,他都会坐在窗边阅读。
分析:这里的 would 不是假设,而是描述过去反复发生的习惯性动作。
come back [kʌm bæk]
回来
Ex: He came back from school at four.
例句翻译:他四点放学回来。
分析:本句中表示“回来”,是理解句意的重要表达。
until [ənˈtɪl]
直到……为止
Ex: She read until the library closed.
例句翻译:她一直读到图书馆关门。
分析:本句中表示“直到……为止”,是理解句意的重要表达。
close [kloʊz]
关门;关闭
Ex: The library closes at six.
例句翻译:图书馆六点关门。
分析:本句中表示“关门;关闭”,是理解句意的重要表达。
just /ʤɪst/
就;干脆;只是
Ex: After I came back from school, I would just go straight to the library and hang out there until they closed.
例句翻译:每天放学后,我会直接去图书馆,一直待到闭馆。
分析:这里加强一种顺势接受、没有继续犹豫的语气。
Then, I would come home.
然后,我才会回家。
then /ðen/
after that; 然后,之后
Ex: Finish your reading, then write a short reflection.
例句翻译:读完之后,再写一段简短感想。
分析:用于按时间顺序连接动作;中文译成“才”能体现闭馆后再回家的次序。
Then, I would come home /ðɛn, aɪ wʊd kəm hoʊm/
然后,我会回家
Ex: Then, I would come home.
例句翻译:然后,我才会回家。
分析:“Then, I would come home”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“然后,我会回家”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
That was my daily routine.
这就是我每天的生活规律。
daily routine /ˈdeɪli ruːˈtiːn/
the activities someone regularly does every day; 日常规律
Ex: Reading before bed is part of my daily routine.
例句翻译:睡前阅读是我日常生活的一部分。
分析:routine 强调有规律、反复进行的一系列活动;daily 表示每天发生。
That was my daily routine /ðət wɑz maɪ ˈdeɪli ruˈtin/
这就是我的日常生活
Ex: That was my daily routine.
例句翻译:这就是我每天的生活规律。
分析:“That was my daily routine”在本句中应作为一个整体理解,意为“这就是我的日常生活”。学习时不要把它机械地逐词拆开。
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